Perché le Donne Over 40 Hanno Bisogno dell'Allenamento con Carichi Pesanti, Non con Carichi Leggeri
Con il calo degli estrogeni durante la perimenopausa e oltre, i segnali di costruzione muscolare su cui le donne facevano affidamento si indeboliscono significativamente, e l'approccio standard dei pesi leggeri ad alte ripetizioni potrebbe non fornire più uno stimolo adeguato. Secondo la Dr.ssa Stacy Sims, il sollevamento composto con carichi più pesanti è uno degli strumenti più supportati dalle evidenze scientifiche per preservare la qualità muscolare, la densità ossea, la salute metabolica e la funzione cognitiva in questa fase della vita.
Creato con l'IAPer molte donne, i consigli sul fitness assorbiti nel corso dei decenni si concentrano sul tonificare, bruciare calorie ed evitare di diventare troppo muscolose. Questo approccio, secondo la fisiologa dell'esercizio Dr.ssa Stacy Sims, è mal adattato alla realtà fisiologica di ciò che accade a muscoli e ossa con il calo degli estrogeni. I cambiamenti ormonali della perimenopausa e della menopausa alterano a un livello fondamentale il modo in cui i muscoli rispondono all'allenamento, e comprendere questo cambiamento trasforma l'aspetto di un allenamento produttivo per le donne nella mezza età e oltre.
Creato con l'IAIl Meccanismo Ormonale: Cosa Fanno gli Estrogeni al Muscolo
Gli estrogeni non sono solo ormoni riproduttivi. Secondo la Dr.ssa Sims, svolgono un ruolo diretto nel modo in cui i muscoli si contraggono e si recuperano. In particolare, gli estrogeni regolano la miosina, una delle due proteine contrattili nelle fibre muscolari (l'altra è l'actina). Quando gli estrogeni fluttuano e diminuiscono, la capacità della miosina di agganciarsi all'actina e generare una contrazione potente si indebolisce. Il risultato è una riduzione sia della potenza erogata sia della qualità muscolare che è distinta dal semplice invecchiamento.
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